Air Masses, Fronts and Western DisturbancesAviation Meteorology — DGCA CPL practice questions

Question 1 of 33

The airmass which originates at sea in high latitudes is called

A.Polar maritime

B.Tropical continental

C.Tropical maritime

All 33 questions — Air Masses, Fronts and Western Disturbances

Aviation Meteorology · DGCA CPL. The correct option is marked on each.

Q1. The airmass which originates at sea in high latitudes is called
- A.Polar maritime✓
- B.Tropical continental
- C.Tropical maritime
Why: Sea + high latitude = Polar maritime.
Q2. The airmass which originates over equatorial region is
- A.Warm and dry
- B.Warm and Moist✓
- C.Cold and dry
Why: Equatorial source = warm and moist.
Q3. If the advancing cold front is colder than the cool air mass of the warm front, the advancing cold front undercuts and lifts both the warm and cool air masses of the warm front. This is
- A.Warm Occlusion
- B.Cold Occlusion✓
- C.—
Why: Colder overtaking air undercutting = cold occlusion.
Q4. The airmass which originated over land area located in polar region is
- A.Warm and dry
- B.Warm and Moist
- C.Cold and dry✓
Why: Land + polar = cold and dry.
Q5. If a warm airmass overtakes a cold air mass, it is called
- A.Cold Front
- B.Warm Front✓
- C.Occluded Front
Why: Warm air advancing over cold = warm front.
Q6. At warm front
- A.Warm air overtakes the cold air✓
- B.Cold air undercuts the warm air
Why: Warm front: warm air rides over retreating cold air.
Q7. The conditions are always unstable at a
- A.Cold front✓
- B.Warm front
Why: Steep cold-front slope forces strong uplift = unstable.
Q8. Sometimes line squall occurs 100-300 km ahead of a
- A.Warm front
- B.Cold front✓
Why: Pre-frontal squall line precedes cold front.
Q9. Precipitation occurs over a belt of 30–50 km on both sides of front
- A.Cold front✓
- B.Warm front
Why: Cold front precipitation is a narrow band.
Q10. Cold front moves at ... the speed of a warm front moves
- A.Same
- B.Double✓
- C.Half
Why: Cold front travels about twice warm-front speed.
Q11. Line Squalls occur ... of cold front
- A.Ahead✓
- B.Behind
- C.At the
Why: Squall line runs ahead of the cold front.
Q12. CB, Roll-type clouds, SC, AC with embedded CB are associated with
- A.Cold Front✓
- B.Warm front
Why: Convective CB/roll cloud belong to cold front.
Q13. The surface of discontinuity between air at Polar Ely and the temperate Wly is called
- A.Equatorial Front
- B.Tropopause
- C.Polar Front✓
Why: Polar/temperate air boundary = Polar Front; OCR 'Time'->'Front'.
Q14. The air mass which originates from sea area located in lower lat is
- A.Warm and Dry
- B.Warm and Moist✓
- C.Cold and Moist
Why: Air from a low-latitude sea is tropical maritime — warm and moist.
Q15. WDs approach India as
- A.Cols
- B.Occluded Fronts✓
- C.Highs
Why: Western disturbances reach India as occluded frontal lows.
Q16. Maximum WDs occur in
- A.Summers
- B.Post Monsoon
- C.Winters✓
Why: Western Disturbances are most frequent in the winter season.
Q17. Ahead of a warm front the surface wind
- A.Backs & weakens
- B.Veers & strengthens
- C.Backs & strengthens✓
Why: Ahead of warm front wind backs and strengthens.
Q18. On approach of a Warm Front temperature
- A.Fall
- B.Rise
- C.Remain same✓
Why: Temperature steady ahead of warm front, rises only at passage.
Q19. Ci, CS, AS, ST in sequence are associated with the front
- A.Warm✓
- B.Cold
- C.Occluded
Why: A lowering Ci–Cs–As–St cloud sequence marks an approaching warm front.
Q20. During the passage of a Cold Front winds
- A.Suddenly become squally✓
- B.Back and weaken
- C.Veer and are of moderate strength
Why: Cold-front passage brings sudden squally veering winds.
Q21. Visibility is poor in a Warm Front
- A.Ahead✓
- B.Ahead & During
- C.After & During
Why: Warm-front poor visibility set in ahead of the front.
Q22. Fog occurs in Cold Front
- A.Ahead✓
- B.During
- C.After
Why: Pre-frontal fog in warm air mass of cold front.
Q23. WD is a ………… front
- A.Cold
- B.Warm
- C.Occluded✓
Why: Western disturbance is an occluded frontal system.
Q24. FZRA and FZFG occur ………… of a warm front
- A.Ahead✓
- B.During
- C.After
Why: Freezing rain/fog form in cold air ahead of warm front.
Q25. Precipitation ceases after the passage of a front
- A.Cold✓
- B.Warm
- C.Occluded
Why: Narrow cold-front rain clears rapidly after passage.
Q26. During the approach of a Cold Front wind
- A.Backs✓
- B.Veers
- C.Does not change
Why: Wind backs ahead of a cold front, veers at passage.
Q27. A WD with two or more closed isobars, at 2 hPa interval, is termed as
- A.Troughs in Westerlies
- B.Western Depression✓
- C.Western Cyclone
Why: Closed isobars define a western depression.
Q28. A WD originate over
- A.Baluchistan
- B.Caspian sea
- C.Mediterranean, Caspian and Black Seas✓
Why: WDs originate over Mediterranean/Caspian/Black Sea region.
Q29. Induced lows develop to the ... of a WD
- A.N
- B.S✓
- C.NE
Why: Induced lows form south of the WD track.
Q30. The air mass which originates at sea in low Latitudes is called
- A.Polar maritime
- B.Tropical continental
- C.Tropical maritime✓
Why: Sea + low latitude = tropical maritime.
Q31. The airmass which originated over land area located in polar region:
- A.Warm & dry
- B.Warm & Moist
- C.Cold & dry✓
Why: Land + polar = cold and dry.
Q32. CI, CS, AS, NS, ST in sequence are associated with the front
- A.Warm✓
- B.Cold
- C.Occluded
Why: Lowering Ci-Cs-As-Ns-St sequence marks a warm front.
Q33. A WD has two or more closed isobars, at 2 hPa interval, it is termed as
- A.Troughs in Westerlies
- B.Western Depression✓
- C.Western Cyclone
Why: Closed isobars define a western depression.