Revision Questions
187 Questions • Tap any question to reveal the answer
Appendix Figures
Questions that reference these appendices are marked with ↑ Refer to Figure N above.
Questions
Pressure Altitude is 28 000 feet, OAT = -45°C, Mach No = 0.46, W/V = 270/85, Track = 200°T. What is the drift and groundspeed?
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G/S = 240 knots, Distance go = 530 NM. What is time to go?
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‘ISA Dev = +30°C, Pressure alt = 5000 feet. What is true alt?
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Course 040°(T), TAS 120 kt, Wind speed = 30 knots. From which direction will the wind give the greatest drift?
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Required course 045°(T), W/V = 190 /30, FL = 55 @ ISA, Variation = 15°W. CAS = 120 knots. What is mag heading and G/S?
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An aircraft flies a great circle track from 56°N 070°W to 62°N 110°E. The total distance travelled is:
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You are flying 090°(C) heading. Deviation is 2W and Variation is 12E. Your TAS is 160 knots. You are flying the 070 radial outbound from a VOR and you have gone 14 NM in 6 minutes. What is the W/V?
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Please refer to Appendix B (attached at back). Assume a North Polar Stereographic chart whose grid is aligned with the Greenwich meridian. An aircraft flies from the geographic North Pole for a distance of 480 NM along the 110° E meridian, then follows a grid track of 154° for a distance of 300 NM. Its position is now approximately:
↑ Refer to Figure 2 (Appendix B) above
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The sensitivity of a direct reading magnetic compass is:
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An aircraft at position 60°N 005°W tracks 090°(T) for 315 km. On completion of the flight the longitude will be:
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What is the definition of magnetic variation?
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At the magnetic equator:
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Which of these is a correct statement about the Earth’s magnetic field?
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Where is a compass most effective?
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The value of variation:
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Grivation is the combination of
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An aircraft leaves at 0900UTC on a 250 NM journey with a planned ground speed of 115 knots. After 74 NM the aircraft is 1.5 minutes behind the planned schedule. What is the revised ETA at the destination?
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A B C 30 NM 20 NM ATA A is 1010. ETA B is 1030. ETA C is 1043. ATA B is 1027. What is revised ETA C?
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Isogrivs are lines that connect positions that have:
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What is the average magnetic track and distance between WTD NDB (5211.3N 00705.0W) and FOY NDB (5234.0N 00911.7W)? - use your Jeppesen E(LO)1 Track Dist
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A useful method of a pilot resolving, on a visual flight, any uncertainty in the aircraft’s position is to maintain visual contact with the ground and:
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An aircraft is at FL140 with an IAS of 210 and a true OAT of -5°(C). The wind component is -35 knots. When the aircraft is at 150 NM from a reporting point, ATC request the crew to lose 5 minutes by the time they get to the beacon. How much do they need to reduce IAS?
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X Y Z 30 NM 20 NM ATA X is 1420. ETA Y is 1447. ATA Y is 1450. What is new ETA Z?
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Given: Airport elevation is 1000 feet. QNH is 988 hPa What is the approximate airport pressure altitude?
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An aircraft starts at position 0410S 17822W and heads true north for 2950 NM, then turns 90 degrees right, and maintains a rhumb line track for 314 kilometres. What is its final position?
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You are heading 080°(T) when you get a range and bearing fix from your AWR on
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By what amount must you change your rate of descent given a 10 knot decrease in headwind on a 3° glide slope?
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You are on a heading of 105°(C), deviation 3°E. WTD NDB (5211.3N 00705.0W) bears 013°R, CRK VOR (5150.4N 00829.7W) QDM is 211°. What is your position? (Use Jeppesen E(LO)1)
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The airport at 5211N 00706W is: (use Jeppesen E(LO)1)
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In which months is the difference between apparent noon and mean noon the greatest?
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5 hours 20 minutes and 20 seconds time difference is equivalent to which change of longitude?
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The main reason that day and night, throughout the year, have different durations is due to the:
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A Lambert’s Conical conformal chart has standard parallels at 63N and 41N. What is the convergence factor?
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On a chart, 90.74 km is represented by 7.0 centimetres. What is the scale?
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On a direct Mercator chart, great circles are shown as:
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The scale on a Lambert’s conformal conic chart
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Please refer to Appendix A. What is the symbol for a DME?
↑ Refer to Figure 1 (Appendix A) above
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Reference Jeppesen E(LO)1, position 5211N 00706W, which of the following denotes all the symbols?
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Heading is 156°(T), TAS is 320 knots, W/V is 130/45 and the Variation is 10°W. What is your magnetic track?
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You are heading 345°(M), the variation is 20°E, and you take a radar bearing of 30° left of the nose from an island. What bearing do you plot from the island?
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Your pressure altitude is FL55, the QNH is 998, and the SAT is +30°(C). What is density altitude?
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On a particular take-off, you can accept up to 10 knots tailwind. The runway QDM is 047, the variation is 17°E and the ATIS gives the wind direction as 210. What is the maximum wind strength you can accept?
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The agonic line:
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On a 5% glide slope your groundspeed is 150 kt. What should be your rate of descent to maintain the glide slope?
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At 65 NM from a VOR you commence a descent from FL330 in order to arrive over the VOR at FL80. Your mean ground speed in the descent is 240 knots. What rate of descent is required?
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On the Jeppesen E(LO)1 chart, what are the symbols at Sligo (5354.8N 00849.1W)?
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In which month does aphelion occur?
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What is the highest latitude listed below at which the Sun will rise above the horizon and set every day?
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The pressure alt is 29 000 feet and the SAT is -55°(C). What is density altitude?
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What is the UTC time of Sunrise in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (49N 123 30W) on the 6th December? (In the exam, tables were supplied. The answers given below are based on the tables in your Gen Nav notes).
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How does scale change on a normal Mercator chart?
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You are on an ILS 3-degree glide slope which passes over the runway threshold at 50 feet. Your DME range is 25 NM from the threshold. What is your height above the runway threshold elevation? (Use the 1 in 60 rule and 6000 feet = 1 nautical mile)
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When it is 0600 Standard Time in Queensland, Australia, what is the Standard Time in Hawaii, USA? (Disregard Summer Time)
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Please refer to Appendix A. Which of the following is the symbol for an exceptionally high (over 1000 feet AGL) unlit obstruction?
↑ Refer to Figure 1 (Appendix A) above
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You are flying at a True Mach No. of .82 in a SAT of -45°(C). At 1000 hours you are 100 NM from the POL DME and your ETA at POL is 1012. ATC ask you to slow down to be at POL at 1016. What should your new TMN be if you reduce speed at 100 NM distance to go?
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The relative bearing to a beacon is 090°R. Three minutes later, at a ground speed of 180 knots, it has changed to 135°R. What was the distance of the closest point of approach of the aircraft to the beacon?
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Ground speed is 540 knots. 72 NM to go. What is time to go?
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An aircraft at position 2700N 17000W travels 3000 km on a track of 180°(T), then 3000 km on a track of 090°(T), then 3000 km on a track of 000°(T), then 3000 km on
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On the Jeppesen E(LO)1, Baldonnel (5318.0N 00626.9W) is 91 NM DME, Galway (5318.1N 00856.5W) is 50 NM DME. What is your position?
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An aircraft at FL370 is required to commence descent at 120 NM from a VOR and to cross the facility at FL130. If the mean GS for the descent is 288 kt, the minimum rate of descent required is:
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You are homing to overhead a VORTAC and will descend from 7500 QNH to be 1000 AMSL by 6 NM DME. Your ground speed is 156 knots and the ROD will be 1000 feet/min. At what range from the VORTAC do you commence the descent?
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A rhumb line is:
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You fly from 49N to 58N along the 180 E/W meridian. What is the distance in kilometres?
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On a particular direct Mercator wall chart, ‘the full length of the parallel of latitude at 53N is 133 cm long. What is the scale of the chart at 30S?
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What is the highest latitude on the Earth at which the Sun can be vertically overhead?
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Track = 090°(T), TAS = 460 knots, W/V = 360°(T) / 100, Variation = 12°E, Deviation = -2. What is compass heading and ground speed?
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Please refer to Appendix A. What symbol is used to show multi unlit obstacles on a map/chart?
↑ Refer to Figure 1 (Appendix A) above
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The angle between True North and Magnetic North is known as:
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An aircraft is at 10°N and is flying North at 444 km/hour. After 3 hours the latitude is:
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Given that: A is N55° E/W 000° B is N54° E 010°, If the average true course of the great circle is 100°(T), the true course of the rhumb line at point A is:
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The circumference of the Earth is approximately:
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The angle between the plane of the Equator and the plane of the Ecliptic is:
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Position A is at 70S 030W, position B is 70S 060E. What is the great circle track of B from A, measured at A?
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The value of magnetic variation on a chart changes with time. This is due to:
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Isogonal lines converge as follows:
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Position A is 55N 30W. Position B is 54N 20W. The great circle track from A to B, measured at A, is 100°(T). What is the rhumb line bearing from A to B?
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An aircraft departs a point 0400N 17000W and flies 240 NM South, followed by 240 NM East, then 240 NM North, then 240 NM West. What is its final position?
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At 1000 hours an aircraft is on the 310 radial from a VOR/DME, at 40 nautical miles range. At 1015 the radial and range are 040/40 NM. What is the aircraft’s track and ground speed?
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A straight line is drawn on a North Polar Stereographic chart joining Point A (7000N 06000W) to Point B (7000N 06000E). What is the initial track direction (going eastwards) of the line at A ?
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What is the maximum possible value of Dip Angle at either Pole?
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Given: Magnetic heading 311° Drift is 10° left Relative bearing of NDB 270 What is the magnetic bearing of the NDB measured from the aircraft?
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The initial straight track from A(75N 60E) to B(75N 60W) on a Polar Stereographic chart is:
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Given: Runway direction 083°(M), Surface W/V 035/35 kt. Calculate the effective crosswind component.
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Given: For take-off an aircraft requires a headwind component of at least 10 kt and has a cross-wind limit of 35 kt. The angle between the wind direction and the runway is 45°. Calculate the maximum and minimum allowable wind speeds.
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What is the weight in kilograms of 380 US Gallons at a Specific Gravity of 0.78?
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You leave A to fly to B, 475 NM away, at 1000 hours. Your ETA at B is 1130. At 1040, you are 190 NM from A. What ground speed is required to arrive on time at B?
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What is the aircraft position in lat and long given the following (use Jeppesen chart E(LO)1): CRN (5318N 00857W) 18 DME SHA (5243N 00853W) 20 DME Heading 270(M) Both ranges DME increasing
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What is the NDB frequency and ident at 5211N 00932W? - Use E(LO)1)
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What is the mean magnetic track and distance from the BAL VOR (5318N 00627W) to CFN NDB (5502N 00820W)? - (use E(LO)1)
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You are at position 5340N 00800W. What is the QDR from the SHA VOR (5243N 00853W)? - (Use E(LO)1)
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Your radial from the SHA VOR (5243N 00853W) is 120°(M). From the CRK VOR (5151N 00830W), the radial is 033°(M). What is your position? - (use E(LO)1)
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Which of the following differences in latitude will give the biggest difference in the initial great circle track and the mean great circle track between two points separated by 10° change of longitude?
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An aircraft is at 5530N 03613W, where the variation is 15W. It is tuned to a VOR located at 5330N 03613W, where the variation is 12W. What VOR radial is the aircraft on?
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The wind velocity is 359/25. An aircraft is heading 180 at a TAS of 198 knots. (All directions are True). What is its track and ground speed?
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An aircraft’s compass must be swung:
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Civil Twilight occurs between:
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What is the dip angle at the North Magnetic Pole?
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What is a line of equal grivation?
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What is the reason for seasonal changes in climate?
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The aircraft position is at 5330N 00800W. The VORs are tuned to Shannon (SHA, 5243N 00853W) and Connaught (CON, 5355N 00849W). Which radials will be indicated? SHA. CON
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You are on the 205 radial from the Shannon VOR (SHA, 5243N 00853W) and on the 317 radial from Cork VOR (CRK, 5150N 00830W). What is the aircraft position?
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What is the radial and DME distance from Connaught VOR/DME (CON, 5355N 00849W) to overhead Abbey Shrule aerodrome (5336N 00739W)?
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What is the average magnetic track and distance between Kerry NDB (KER, 5211N 00932W) and CarNMore NDB (CRN, 5318N 00856W)?
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What is the approximate course (T) and distance between Waterford NDB (WTD, 5212N 00705W) and Sligo NDB (SLG, 5417N 00836W)?
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What is the rhumb line track from A (4500N 01000W) to B (4830N 00500W)?
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What is the effect on the Mach number and TAS in an aircraft that is climbing with constant CAS?
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Please refer to Appendix A. What is the chart symbol for a lightship?
↑ Refer to Figure 1 (Appendix A) above
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Given: Track 198°, Heading 184°, TAS 427 kt and GS 453kt, what are the W/V and Drift Angle?
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An aircraft is on the 025 radial from Shannon VOR (SHA, 5243N 00853W) at 49 DME. What is its position?
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An island is observed to be 15°(T)o the left. The aircraft heading is 120°(M), variation 17°(W). The bearing (°T) from the aircraft to the island is:
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An aircraft is flying around the Earth eastwards along the 60N parallel of latitude at a ground speed of 360 knots. At what ground speed would another aircraft have to fly eastwards along the Equator to fly once round the Earth in the same journey time?
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If it is 0700 hours Standard Time in Kuwait, what is the Standard Time in Algeria?
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If variation is East, then:
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At what latitude does the maximum difference between geodetic and geocentric latitude occur?
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At what times of the year does the length of the hours of daylight change most rapidly?
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Given: Aircraft height = 2500 feet, ILS GP angle = 3°, at what approximate distance from the threshold can you expect to intercept the glide-path?
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Convert 80 metres/sec into knots.
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The chart that is generally used for navigation in polar areas is based on a:
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Which of the following conversions from True to Compass is the correct one? T V M D. C
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Your position is 5833N 17400W. You fly exactly 6 NM westwards. What is your new position?
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TAS = 240 knots. Track is 180°(T). The relative bearing from an NDB is 315(R) at 1410. At 1420 the bearing has changed to 270(R). What is your distance from the NDB at 1420?
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Given: True Track = 352 Variation = 11W Deviation = - 5 Drift = 8°R What is Heading (C)?
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What is the radial and DME distance from CRK VOR (5151N 00830W) to position 5220N 00910W?
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What is the radial and DME distance from SHA VOR (5243N 00853W) to Birr airport (5304N 00755W)?
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What is the lat and long of the SHA VOR (5243N 00853W) 239(M)/36 NM radial/ range?
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A Lambert conformal conic chart has a constant of the cone of 0.80. A straight line course drawn on this chart from A (53°N 004°W) to B is 080° at A; course at B is 092°. What is the longitude of B?
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An aircraft at position 0000N/S 16327W flies a track of 225°(T) for 70 NM. What is its new position?
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On a Polar Stereographic map, a straight line is drawn from position A (70N 102W) to position B (80N 006E). The point of highest latitude along this line occurs at longitude 035W. What is the straight-line track angle from B to A, measured at B?
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Given that the value of ellipticity of the Earth is 1/297 and that the semi-major axis of the Earth, measured at the axis of the Equator is 6378.4 km, what is the semi- minor axis of the Earth measured at the axis of the Poles?
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On a chart, meridians at 45N are shown every 10 degrees apart. This is shown on the chart by a distance of 14 cm. What is the scale?
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Please refer to Appendix A. Which is the symbol for a NDB?
↑ Refer to Figure 1 (Appendix A) above
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How do rhumb lines (with the exception of meridians) appear on a Polar Stereographic chart?
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Please refer to Appendix A. What does symbol 9 represent?
↑ Refer to Figure 1 (Appendix A) above
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What is the chart convergence factor on a Polar Stereographic chart?
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At 0422 you are 185 NM from a VOR at FL370. You need to descend at a mean descent rate of 1800’/min to be at FL80 overhead the VOR. Your ground speed in the level cruise is currently 320 knots. In the descent your mean G/S will be 232 knots. What is the latest time to commence descent?
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Given: Heading 165(M), Variation 25W, Drift 10°R, G/S 360 knots. At ‘A’ your relative bearing to an NDB is 325R. Five minutes later, at ‘B’, the relative bearing is 280(R). What is the true bearing and distance from ‘B’ to the NDB?
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What is the diameter of the Earth?
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An aircraft flies 100 stat.m in 20 minutes. How long does it take to fly 215 NM?
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What is the duration of civil twilight?
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Please refer to Appendix B (or your Jeppesen E(LO)1). From the Connaught (CON, 5355N 00849W) VOR / DME, you plot a radial of 048°(M) and a range of 22 NM. What is the aircraft position?
↑ Refer to Figure 2 (Appendix B) above
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What is the shortest distance between Point ‘A’ (3543N 00841E) and Point ‘B’ (5417N 17119W)?
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On a conformal chart, the standard parallels are 41° 20’N and 11° 40’N. What is the constant of the cone?
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Given: Runway direction 083°(M), Surface W/V 045/35 kt. Calculate the effective headwind component.
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Given: TAS=375 Trk=335°(T) W/V=340°(T)/50 What is heading and Ground speed?
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Lines of latitude on a chart are always:
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On a Lambert chart, the convergence factor is .78585. What is the parallel of tangency?
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On a Lambert’s chart the constant of the cone is 0.80. A is at 53N 04W. You plan to fly to B. The initial Lambert’s chart straight-line track is 070(T) and the rhumb line track from A to B is 080(T). What is the longitude of B?
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On which chart projection is it not possible to show the North Pole?
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You are at FL150 and the SAT is -5°(C). You are over an airport with an elevation of 720 feet. The QNH is 1003. Assume 27 feet = 1 hPa. What is your true height?
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What is the formula for conversion angle?
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On the Polar Stereographic projection, a great circle appears as:
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An aircraft departs Guam (13N 145E) at 2300 Standard Time on 30th April local date. Flight time to Los Angeles, California, USA (34N 118W) is 11 hours 15 minutes. What is the California Standard Time and local date of arrival? Assume Summer Time is being kept.
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What rate of descent is required to maintain a 3.5° glide slope at a ground speed of 150 knots?
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What is the meaning of the term ‘standard time’?
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On 27 Feb at 52°S 040°E Sunrise is at 0243UTC. On the same day at 52°S 035°W the time of Sunrise is:
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A compass swing is performed in order to correct for:
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Isogonals are lines of equal:
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On a direct Mercator chart, a rhumb line appears as a:
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Given: IAS 120 kt FL80 OAT +20°(C) What is the TAS?
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The distance between two waypoints is 200 NM. To calculate compass heading the pilot used 2°E magnetic variation instead of 2°W. Assuming that the forecast W/V applied, what will the off track distance be at the second waypoint?
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Given: True course 300° Drift 8°R Variation 10°W Deviation -4° Calculate the compass heading.
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Given: True track 180° Drift 8°R Compass Heading 195° Deviation -2° Calculate the variation.
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Given the following: Magnetic heading: 060° Magnetic variation: 8°W Drift angle: 4° right What is the true track?
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Given: W/V 262/90 kt, Track 234° and TAS 305 kt, what are the Heading and Groundspeed?
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Given: Half way between two reporting points the navigation log gives the following information: TAS 360 kt W/V 330°/80 kt Compass heading 237° Deviation on this heading -5° Variation 19°W What is the average ground speed for this leg?
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(For this question use Appendix C) Complete line 5 of the ‘FLIGHT NAVIGATION LOG’, position ‘J’ to ‘K’. What is the HDG°(M) and ETA?
↑ Refer to Figure 3 (Appendix C) above
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During a low level flight 2 parallel roads are crossed at right angles by an aircraft. The time between these roads can be used to check the aircraft:
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The angle between the true great circle track and the true rhumb line track joining the following points: A (60S 165W) and B (60S 177E) at the place of departure A, is:
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Which of the following indicates an advisory airspace (ADA) boundary?
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Given the following: True track: 192° Magnetic variation: 7°E Drift angle: 5° left What is the magnetic heading required to maintain the given track?
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Given: A Polar Stereographic chart whose grid is aligned with the zero meridian. Grid track 344°, longitude 115°00’W, calculate the true course. (Assume N hemisphere).
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The rhumb line distance between points A (60°00’N 002°30’E) and B (60°00’N 007°30’W) is:
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Given: TAS = 485 kt, OAT = ISA +10°C, FL410. Calculate the Mach Number.
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Fuel flow per hr is 22 US.gal, total fuel on board is 83 imp.gal. What is the endurance?
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Given: Position A is 60N 020W, Position B is 60N 021W, and Position C is 59N 020W, what are, respectively, the distances from A to B and from A to C?
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Given: FL350, Mach 0.80, OAT -55°(C), calculate values for TAS and local speed of sound?
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How many nautical miles are travelled in 1 minute 45 seconds at a ground speed of 135 knots?
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The distance A to B is 90 NM in a straight line. You are 60 NM from A when you fix your position 4 NM to the left of track. What correction do you need to make to arrive at B?
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A Great Circle crosses the Equator at longitude 030°W. The direction of the GC at Equator is 035°(T). An aircraft following this Great Circle will reach its highest latitude (N or S) at position:
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The heading is 299°(G). Magnetic variation is 90°W and chart convergence is 55°W. What is magnetic heading?
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The orbit of the Earth round the Sun is elliptical. An ellipse has 2 foci. Which of the following is a correct statement?
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An aircraft homing to a VOR/DME loses 2500 feet in 11.1 NM change of DME range. What is the gradient of the slope?
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An aircraft at position 8500N 02000E flies a rhumb line track of 075°(T). What will be its path over the Earth?
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Given: For take-off an aircraft requires a headwind component of at least 15 kt and has a cross-wind limit of 35 kt. The angle between the wind direction and the runway is 60°. Calculate the maximum and minimum allowable wind speeds.
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An aircraft is cruising at FL350, Temp -50°C and is told to descend to FL80, Temp -10°C. If the IAS for the descent was 188 kt, what would be the appropriate TAS?
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An aircraft has to climb from FL50 -10°C to FL260 -25°C. The IAS for the climb is 180 kt and the WC is +30 kt. If the ROC is 900 ft/min, how many miles will the climb take?
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An aircraft is flying at FL200, the OAT is 0°C. When the actual air pressure on an airfield at MSL is placed on the subscale of the altimeter the indicated altitude is 19 300 ft. What is the aircraft’s True Altitude?